France Successfully Launches New M51.3 Ballistic Missile from a Submarine
Test launch of the M51.3 intercontinental ballistic missile. October 6, 2026. Photo credits: Ministère des Armées et des Anciens combattants

France successfully conducted the first test launch of the new M51.3 intercontinental ballistic missile from a nuclear-powered submarine.

French President Emmanuel Macron announced this on his social media accounts.

The launch took place from aboard the nuclear submarine Le Vigilant, and the test was monitored from aboard the frigate Auvergne.

The Directorate General of Armaments, the Atomic Energy Commission, Ariane Group, Naval Group, and the French Navy participated in testing and developing the new missile.

“To be free, you must be feared. And to be feared, you must be powerful,” Emmanuel Macron said.

The test launch took place without a nuclear warhead off the coast of the French department of Finistère in an area with restricted navigation.

This followed extensive maintenance on the submarine Le Vigilant, which began in the fall of 2023 at the Île-Long base.

Emmanuel Macron observes the test launch of the M51.3 ballistic missile on October 6, 2026. Photo credits: Ministère des Armées et des Anciens combattants

As part of the work on the submarine, maintenance was performed on the reactor, the weapons system, and other key onboard systems.

M51.3

The M51.3 is a three-stage, solid-fuel, sea-based intercontinental ballistic missile developed as an evolution of the M51 family.

France’s M51.3 ballistic missile. Photo credits: DGA

The new version retains the dimensions of its predecessors: about 12 meters long, 2.3 meters in diameter, and approximately 52 metric tons.

For previous versions of the M51, the range was estimated at 8,000–10,000 km with a maximum speed of up to Mach 25.

The M51.3 missiles will serve as the primary armament for France’s future SNLE 3G-class nuclear-powered submarines, which will replace the Le Triomphant-class submarines after 2035.

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